Sand is acquired from alluvial floodplains along stream and river valleys as well as from extensive dune sands. Windblown sand deposits occur between the western Green River Basin through Wyoming and into western Nebraska.

Sand and gravel deposits occur on the tops of benches and terraces along mountain flanks. The quality of these deposits varies greatly, as terraces may contain areas of caliche. Caliche-coated gravels do not bind well with asphalt or cement.

Glacial gravels are not widely used due to location in national parks and national forests. However, they are occasionally used for local road construction projects.

Older gravels from poorly consolidated conglomerates are a source of “natural gravel" that are useful if they can be extracted without blasting or cutting.

Limestone is exposed along the flanks of mountain ranges and is a significant source of crushed stone. Limestone is the preferred rock for highway construction.

Granite is another source of crushed stone. Specifically, quartzofeldspathic gneiss is mined in the largest aggregate quarry in Wyoming, west of Cheyenne. Railroad ballast is one of the quarry’s main product, simply because the foliation in the gneiss allows the rock to have a 2:4:6 dimensional ratio, which is a requirement of certain types of railroad ballast.

Clinker, also called scoria or baked and fused rock, is formed by the burning, baking, and melting of strata overlying burning coal beds. Clinker is found and used extensively in the Powder River Basin (PRB), where no other aggregate sources exist. It is used for the sub-base of roads and for well-pad construction. Although it is abundant in the PRB, clinker is not as durable and breaks down more easily than sand and gravel.

Mine tailings are a unique source of gravel in the South Pass mining district and are used locally for road building.